He kai tino maha ngā whakamahinga me ngā mahi a te pūmua soya (SPI) kua rongonui haere i roto i te umanga kai nā ōna painga me ōna whakamahinga maha. I ahu mai i te paraoa soya kua tangohia te ngako i te pāmahana iti, ka uru te pūmua soya ki roto i ngā tukanga tango me te wehewehe hei tango i ngā wāhanga kore-pūmua, ka hua ake he nui ake i te 90% te nui o te pūmua. Nā tēnei ka waiho hei puna pai mō te pūmua kounga teitei, he iti te cholesterol me te kore ngako, ka waiho hei whiringa hauora mō ngā kaihoko. Nā tōna kaha ki te āwhina i te whakaheke taumaha, te whakaheke i ngā ngako toto, te whakaiti i te ngaronga o te wheua, me te ārai i ngā mate ngakau me ngā mate roro, kua noho te pūmua soya hei kai nui i roto i ngā momo hua kai.
Ko tētahi o ngā āhuatanga matua o te pūmua soya motuhake ko tōna mahi i roto i ngā tono kai. He whānuitia ōna āhuatanga mahi, tae atu ki te whakapūpū, te whakamakuku, te whakapūpū, te mimiti hinu, te wairewa, te pahuka, te pupuhi, te whakarite, me te whakapiripiri. Nā ēnei āhuatanga ka taea te whakamahi i roto i ngā momo hua kai puta noa i ngā ahumahi rerekē. Mai i ngā hua mīti ki ngā hua paraoa, ngā hua wai, me ngā hua kaiwhenua, he maha ngā painga mahi a te pūmua soya motuhake, ka waiho hei wāhanga nui i roto i te hanganga o ngā momo kai.
He maha ngā huarahi hei whakamahi i te pūmua soya kua wehea, pērā i:
(1) Tāpiringa maroke: Tāpirihia te pūmua soya kua wehea ki ngā kai hei paura maroke, ka whakaranu. Ko te nui o te tāpiritanga whānui he tata ki te 2%-6%;
(2) Tāpirihia te āhua o te kōroiti wai: Whakaranua te pūmua soya kua wehea ki tētahi ōwehenga wai hei hanga i te paru, kātahi ka tāpirihia. Ko te tikanga, 10%-30% o te kōroiti ka tāpirihia ki te hua;
(3) Tāpirihia te āhua o ngā matūriki pūmua: Whakaranua te pūmua soya kua wehea ki te wai, ka tāpirihia te glutamine transaminase hei hono i te pūmua kia puta he mīti pūmua. Mēnā e tika ana, ka taea te whakarerekē i te tae, kātahi ka hangaia mā te mīhini huri mīti. Ko ngā matūriki pūmua, i te nuinga o te wā ka tāpirihia he nui o te 5%-15%;
(4) Tāpirihia hei whakapūhui: whakaranua te pūmua soya kua wehea ki te wai me te hinu (hinu kararehe, hinu huawhenua rānei) ka tapatapahia. Ka whakatikatikaina te ōwehenga ranunga kia rite ki ngā hiahia rerekē, pūmua: wai: hinu = 1:5:1-2/1:4:1-2/1:6:1-2, me ētahi atu, ā, ko te ōwehenga tāpiri whānui he tata ki te 10%-30%;
(5) Tāpirihia hei werohanga: whakaranua te pūmua soya ki te wai, te mea kakara, te mea marinade, me ētahi atu, kātahi ka werohanga ki roto i te mīti mā te mīhini werohanga hei pupuri i te wai me te whakangawari. Ko te tikanga, ko te nui o te pūmua e tāpirihia ana ki te werohanga he tata ki te 3%-5%.
Hei whakamutunga, he whānuitia ngā mahi me ngā tono a te pūmua soya i roto i te umanga kai. Nā te nui o te pūmua, me ōna āhuatanga mahi, he mea tino nui tēnei hei wāhanga mō ngā kaihanga kai e hiahia ana ki te whakarei ake i te āhua kai me ngā āhuatanga mahi o ā rātou hua. Ahakoa he whakapai ake i te kakano, he whakanui ake i te pupuri makuku, he whakarato rānei i te puna pūmua kounga teitei, he mea nui tonu te pūmua soya i roto i te whakawhanaketanga o ngā hua kai auaha me te whai kiko. I te mea kei te tipu haere tonu te hiahia o ngā kaihoko mō ngā whiringa kai hauora me te pumau, kua rite te pūmua soya hei wāhanga matua i roto i te hanganga o te whānuitanga o ngā hua kai.
Wā tuku: Akuhata-09-2024